安卓App中调用升级接口并实现版本检查和升级功能的完整方案
以下是安卓App中调用升级接口并实现版本检查和升级功能的完整方案,包含网络请求、版本解析、下载安装等核心逻辑:
一、定义数据实体类(解析接口返回)
// CheckUpgradeResponse.java
public class CheckUpgradeResponse {private int code;private String msg;private UpgradeData data;private Map<String, Object> map;// Getter/Setterpublic int getCode() { return code; }public UpgradeData getData() { return data; }
}// UpgradeData.java
public class UpgradeData {private int id;private String version; // 版本号(如102000)private String downloadUrl; // APK下载链接private String updateDescription;// 更新说明private long releaseTime; // 发布时间(时间戳)// Getter/Setterpublic String getVersion() { return version; }public String getDownloadUrl() { return downloadUrl; }
}
二、网络请求实现(使用Retrofit)
1. 添加依赖(build.gradle)
dependencies {implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0'implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0'implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.10.0'
}
2. 创建API接口
// UpgradeApi.java
public interface UpgradeApi {@GET("common/checkUpgrade")Call<CheckUpgradeResponse> checkUpgrade();
}
3. 初始化Retrofit
// RetrofitClient.java
public class RetrofitClient {private static final String BASE_URL = "http://127.0.0.1:8700/";private static Retrofit retrofit;public static Retrofit getClient() {if (retrofit == null) {retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder().baseUrl(BASE_URL).addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()).build();}return retrofit;}
}
三、版本检查逻辑
1. 在Activity/Fragment中调用接口
// UpgradeManager.java(封装升级逻辑)
public class UpgradeManager {public void checkForUpdate(Context context) {UpgradeApi api = RetrofitClient.getClient().create(UpgradeApi.class);api.checkUpgrade().enqueue(new Callback<CheckUpgradeResponse>() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(Call<CheckUpgradeResponse> call, Response<CheckUpgradeResponse> response) {if (response.isSuccessful()) {CheckUpgradeResponse result = response.body();if (result != null && result.getCode() == 1) { // 成功码UpgradeData newVersion = result.getData();if (isNewVersionAvailable(newVersion.getVersion(), context)) {showUpgradeDialog(context, newVersion);}}}}@Overridepublic void onFailure(Call<CheckUpgradeResponse> call, Throwable t) {// 网络请求失败处理t.printStackTrace();}});}// 版本号比较(字符串转整数比较,适用于纯数字版本号)private boolean isNewVersionAvailable(String newVersion, Context context) {try {int currentVersionCode = getCurrentVersionCode(context);int newVersionCode = Integer.parseInt(newVersion);return newVersionCode > currentVersionCode;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}// 获取当前App版本号(AndroidManifest中的versionCode)private int getCurrentVersionCode(Context context) {try {PackageInfo packageInfo = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);return packageInfo.versionCode;} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();return 0;}}
}
四、升级对话框与下载逻辑
1. 显示升级弹窗
private void showUpgradeDialog(Context context, UpgradeData data) {new AlertDialog.Builder(context).setTitle("发现新版本").setMessage("版本号:" + data.getVersion() + "\n\n" + data.getUpdateDescription()).setPositiveButton("立即升级", (dialog, which) -> startDownloadApk(context, data.getDownloadUrl())).setNegativeButton("稍后再说", null).show();
}
2. 下载并安装APK(使用OkHttp)
private void startDownloadApk(Context context, String url) {new Thread(() -> {try {OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();if (!response.isSuccessful()) throw new IOException("下载失败");// 保存APK到本地String fileName = "app_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".apk";String downloadPath = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath() + File.separator + fileName;FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(downloadPath);InputStream is = response.body().byteStream();byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len;while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {fos.write(buffer, 0, len);}fos.close();is.close();// 安装APKinstallApk(context, new File(downloadPath));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}).start();
}// 安装APK(需处理Android 8.0+权限)
private void installApk(Context context, File file) {Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {// 授予临时文件权限(通过FileProvider)Uri apkUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context,context.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", file);intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);intent.setDataAndType(apkUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");} else {intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);}context.startActivity(intent);
}
五、配置文件与权限
1. AndroidManifest.xml添加权限
<!-- 网络权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<!-- 写入存储权限(Android 10+需使用Scoped Storage,建议使用DownloadManager) -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><!-- FileProvider(用于Android 7.0+安装APK) -->
<providerandroid:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileprovider"android:exported="false"android:grantUriPermissions="true"><meta-dataandroid:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
2. 添加file_paths.xml(res/xml/)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths><external-path name="downloads" path="Download/" />
</paths>
六、调用升级检查
在App启动入口(如SplashActivity)或设置页面调用:
// 在SplashActivity的onCreate中
new UpgradeManager().checkForUpdate(this);
关键注意事项:
-
版本号类型:
- 若接口返回的
version
是字符串(如"1.0.2"),需按分段比较:String[] currentParts = currentVersion.split("\\."); String[] newParts = newVersion.split("\\.");
- 建议后端返回整数型
versionCode
(如102000),与Android原生versionCode
一致
- 若接口返回的
-
下载优化:
- 使用
DownloadManager
替代手动文件流下载,支持断点续传和通知栏显示 - 大文件下载需在后台服务中进行,避免Activity销毁导致下载中断
- 使用
-
权限适配:
- Android 10+推荐使用
REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
权限(或使用MediaStore
) - 动态权限申请需在下载前检查并请求
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
- Android 10+推荐使用
-
线程安全:
- 网络请求和文件操作需在子线程执行,UI更新通过
runOnUiThread()
处理
- 网络请求和文件操作需在子线程执行,UI更新通过
通过以上实现,App可以完整实现从版本检查到下载安装的闭环,用户体验和兼容性得到有效保障。