学习threejs，使用JSON格式保存和加载整个场景

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文章目录

一、🍀前言
- 1.1 ☘️THREE toJSON()方法
二、🍀使用JSON格式保存和加载整个场景
- 1. ☘️实现思路
- 2. ☘️代码样例

一、🍀前言

本文详细介绍如何基于threejs在三维场景中使用JSON格式保存和加载整个场景，亲测可用。希望能帮助到您。一起学习，加油！加油！

1.1 ☘️THREE toJSON()方法

通过调用Three.js各个对象的.toJSON()方法可以保存这些对象为json格式，比如你通过Threejs开发一个三维模型编辑系统，想保存Threejs中创建的立方体、球体、obj、glb等三维模型的顶点、材质等数据，就可以通过.toJSON()方法实现。

二、🍀使用JSON格式保存和加载整个场景

1. ☘️实现思路

1、初始化renderer渲染器
2、初始化Scene三维场景
3、初始化camera相机，定义相机位置 camera.position.set，定义相机方向lookAt。
4、初始化THREE.AmbientLight环境光源，scene场景加入环境光源，初始化THREE.PointLight点光源，设置点光源位置，设置点光源投影，scene添加点光源。
5、加载几何模型：创建THREE.AxesHelper坐标辅助工具、THREE.SphereGeometry球体几何体、THREE.BoxGeometry立方体几何体、THREE.PlaneGeometry平面几何体以及THREE.Object3D对象group，group添加球体几何体和立方体几何体为组。scene场景加入THREE.AxesHelper坐标辅助工具、group组以及平面几何体对象（实现细节具体看代码样例，有不懂的地方评论区探讨）。
6、加入gui控制，定义保存场景方法exportScene、清理场景方法clearScene、导入场景方法importScene，实现细节具体看代码样例。加入controls，加入stats监控器，监控帧数信息。

2. ☘️代码样例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>learn41(使用JSON格式保存和加载整个场景)</title><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/build/three.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/utils/SceneUtils.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script><script src="lib/threejs/127/three.js-master/examples/js/libs/dat.gui.min.js"></script>
</head>
<style>html, body {margin: 0;height: 100%;}canvas {display: block;}
</style>
<body onload="draw()">
</body>
<script>var renderervar initRender = () => {renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias: true})renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)renderer.shadowMap.enabled = truerenderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMapdocument.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement)}var scenevar initScene = () => {scene = new THREE.Scene()}var cameravar initCamera = () => {camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000)camera.position.set(0, 40, 50)camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0))}var lightvar initLight = () => {scene.add(new THREE.AmbientLight(0x444444))light = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff)light.position.set(15, 50, 10)light.castShadow = truescene.add(light)}var sphere, cube, groupvar initModel = () => {group = new THREE.Object3D()scene.add(group)var shereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(5, 200, 200)var sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xaaaaaa})sphere = new THREE.Mesh(shereGeometry, sphereMaterial)sphere.position.set(-5, 5, 0)sphere.castShadow = truegroup.add(sphere)var helper = new THREE.AxesHelper(50)scene.add(helper)var cubeGeometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(10, 10, 8)var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ffff})cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial)cube.position.set(15, 5, -5)cube.castShadow = truegroup.add(cube)var planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(100, 100)var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({color:0xaaaaaa})plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, planeMaterial)plane.rotation.x = -0.5 * Math.PIplane.receiveShadow = truescene.add(plane)}var guivar initGui = () => {gui = {exportScene: () => {var sceneJson = JSON.stringify(scene.toJSON())localStorage.setItem('scene', sceneJson)},clearScene: () => {scene = new THREE.Scene()},importScene: () => {var json = localStorage.getItem('scene')if (json) {var loadedGeometry = JSON.parse(json)var loader = new THREE.ObjectLoader()scene = loader.parse(loadedGeometry)}}}var datGui = new dat.GUI()//将设置属性添加到gui当中，gui.add(对象，属性，最小值，最大值）datGui.add(gui, "exportScene")datGui.add(gui, "clearScene")datGui.add(gui, "importScene")}var statsvar initStats = () => {stats = new Stats()document.body.appendChild(stats.dom)}var controlsvar initControls = () => {controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)controls.enableDamping = true}var render = () => {renderer.render(scene, camera)}var onWindowResize = () => {camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeightcamera.updateProjectionMatrix()render()renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)}var animate = () => {render()stats.update()controls.update()requestAnimationFrame(animate)}var draw = () => {initRender()initScene()initCamera()initLight()initModel()initGui()initStats()initControls()animate()window.onresize = onWindowResize}
</script>
</html>