题目七:学生成绩管理系统设计
学生成绩信息包括:学期,学号,班别,姓名,四门课程成绩(语文、数学、英语和计算机)等。
主要功能:
- 能按学期、按班级完成对学生成绩的录入、修改。
- 能按班级统计学生的成绩,求学生的总分及平均分。
- 能查询学生成绩,不及格科目及学生名单。
- 能按班级输出学生的成绩单。
要求: 使用二进制文件方式存储数据,系统以菜单方式工作。
studentPerformance.h
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma warning(disable:6031)
#pragma once#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>#define STUDENTS_FILE "students.dat"
#define MAX_STUDENTS 100typedef struct {char term[20]; // 学期char student_id[20]; // 学号char class_name[20]; // 班级char name[50]; // 姓名int chinese; // 语文成绩int math; // 数学成绩int english; // 英语成绩int computer; // 计算机成绩
} Student;// 保存学生信息
void saveStudentsToFile(Student students[], int count);
// 加载学生信息
void loadStudentsFromFile(Student students[], int* count);
// 添加学生信息
void addStudent(Student students[], int* count);
// 修改学生信息
void modifyStudent(Student students[], int count);
// 统计学生成绩
void calculateStatistics(Student students[], int count);
// 查询学生成绩
void searchStudent(Student students[], int count);
// 输出学生成绩单
void printReportCard(Student students[], int count);
// 函数菜单
void mainMenu(Student students[], int* count);
studentPerformance.c
#include"studentPerformance.h"// 确定Win/Linux操作系统,清屏
void clearScreen() {
#ifdef _WIN32system("cls");
#elsesystem("clear");
#endif
}
// 保存学生信息
void saveStudentsToFile(Student students[], int count) {FILE* file = fopen(STUDENTS_FILE, "wb");if (file == NULL) {printf("无法打开文件 %s!\n", STUDENTS_FILE);return;}fwrite(students, sizeof(Student), count, file);fclose(file);
}// 加载学生信息
void loadStudentsFromFile(Student students[], int* count) {FILE* file = fopen(STUDENTS_FILE, "rb");if (file == NULL) {printf("无法打开文件 %s!\n", STUDENTS_FILE);*count = 0;return;}size_t numRead = fread(students, sizeof(Student), MAX_STUDENTS, file);*count = (int)numRead;fclose(file);
}// 添加学生信息
void addStudent(Student students[], int* count) {if (*count >= MAX_STUDENTS) {printf("学生信息已满,无法继续添加。\n");return;}Student newStudent;printf("请输入学期: ");scanf("%s", newStudent.term);printf("请输入学号: ");scanf("%s", newStudent.student_id);printf("请输入班级: ");scanf("%s", newStudent.class_name);printf("请输入姓名: ");scanf("%s", newStudent.name);printf("请输入语文成绩: ");scanf("%d", &newStudent.chinese);printf("请输入数学成绩: ");scanf("%d", &newStudent.math);printf("请输入英语成绩: ");scanf("%d", &newStudent.english);printf("请输入计算机成绩: ");scanf("%d", &newStudent.computer);students[*count] = newStudent;(*count)++;saveStudentsToFile(students, *count);printf("学生信息已保存。\n");
}// 修改学生信息
void modifyStudent(Student students[], int count) {char student_id[20];printf("请输入要修改的学号: ");scanf("%s", student_id);int found = 0;for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if (strcmp(students[i].student_id, student_id) == 0) {printf("找到的学生信息:\n");printf("学期: %s\n", students[i].term);printf("学号: %s\n", students[i].student_id);printf("班级: %s\n", students[i].class_name);printf("姓名: %s\n", students[i].name);printf("语文成绩: %d\n", students[i].chinese);printf("数学成绩: %d\n", students[i].math);printf("英语成绩: %d\n", students[i].english);printf("计算机成绩: %d\n", students[i].computer);printf("请输入新的学期: ");scanf("%s", students[i].term);printf("请输入新的班级: ");scanf("%s", students[i].class_name);printf("请输入新的姓名: ");scanf("%s", students[i].name);printf("请输入新的语文成绩: ");scanf("%d", &students[i].chinese);printf("请输入新的数学成绩: ");scanf("%d", &students[i].math);printf("请输入新的英语成绩: ");scanf("%d", &students[i].english);printf("请输入新的计算机成绩: ");scanf("%d", &students[i].computer);saveStudentsToFile(students, count);printf("学生信息已更新。\n");found = 1;break;}}if (!found) {printf("未找到该学号的学生信息。\n");}
}// 统计学生成绩
void calculateStatistics(Student students[], int count) {char class_name[20];printf("请输入要统计的班级: ");scanf("%s", class_name);int totalStudents = 0;double totalScore = 0;double averageScore = 0;for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if (strcmp(students[i].class_name, class_name) == 0) {int total = students[i].chinese + students[i].math + students[i].english + students[i].computer;totalScore += total;totalStudents++;}}if (totalStudents > 0) {averageScore = totalScore / totalStudents;printf("班级 %s 的总人数: %d\n", class_name, totalStudents);printf("班级 %s 的总分: %.2f\n", class_name, totalScore);printf("班级 %s 的平均分: %.2f\n", class_name, averageScore);}else {printf("未找到该班级的学生信息。\n");}
}// 查询学生成绩
void searchStudent(Student students[], int count) {char student_id[20];printf("请输入要查询的学号: ");scanf("%s", student_id);int found = 0;for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if (strcmp(students[i].student_id, student_id) == 0) {printf("\n找到的学生信息:\n");printf("学期: %s\n", students[i].term);printf("学号: %s\n", students[i].student_id);printf("班级: %s\n", students[i].class_name);printf("姓名: %s\n", students[i].name);printf("语文成绩: %d\n", students[i].chinese);printf("数学成绩: %d\n", students[i].math);printf("英语成绩: %d\n", students[i].english);printf("计算机成绩: %d\n", students[i].computer);int total = students[i].chinese + students[i].math + students[i].english + students[i].computer;printf("总分: %d\n", total);printf("不及格科目:\n");if (students[i].chinese < 60) printf("语文\n");if (students[i].math < 60) printf("数学\n");if (students[i].english < 60) printf("英语\n");if (students[i].computer < 60) printf("计算机\n");found = 1;break;}}if (!found) {printf("未找到该学号的学生信息。\n");}
}// 输出学生成绩单
void printReportCard(Student students[], int count) {char class_name[20];printf("请输入要输出成绩单的班级: ");scanf("%s", class_name);int found = 0;printf("\n+-----------------------------------+\n");printf("| 学生成绩单 |\n");printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");printf("| 学期 | 学号 | 班级 | 姓名 | 语文 | 数学 | 英语 | 计算机 |\n");printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if (strcmp(students[i].class_name, class_name) == 0) {printf("| %-6s | %-6s | %-6s | %-6s | %-3d | %-3d | %-3d | %-3d |\n",students[i].term, students[i].student_id, students[i].class_name,students[i].name, students[i].chinese, students[i].math,students[i].english, students[i].computer);found = 1;}}if (!found) {printf("未找到该班级的学生信息。\n");}printf("+-----------------------------------+\n");
}// 函数菜单
void mainMenu(Student students[], int* count) {int choice;do {clearScreen();printf("学生成绩管理系统\n");printf("1. 录入学生成绩\n");printf("2. 修改学生成绩\n");printf("3. 统计学生成绩\n");printf("4. 查询学生成绩\n");printf("5. 输出学生成绩单\n");printf("6. 退出系统\n");printf("请选择功能: ");scanf("%d", &choice);switch (choice) {case 1:addStudent(students, count);break;case 2:modifyStudent(students, *count);break;case 3:calculateStatistics(students, *count);break;case 4:searchStudent(students, *count);break;case 5:printReportCard(students, *count);break;case 6:printf("退出系统。\n");break;default:printf("无效的选择,请重新输入。\n");break;}getchar(); // 清除输入缓冲区中的换行符system("pause"); // 暂停程序,等待用户按键} while (choice != 6);
}
test.c
#include"studentPerformance.h"int main() {int count = 0;Student students[MAX_STUDENTS];loadStudentsFromFile(students, &count);mainMenu(students, &count);saveStudentsToFile(students, count);return 0;
}