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代码实现

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdbool.h>//线性表初始分配的长度
#define InitSize 3//线性表元素的数据类型
#define ElemType inttypedef struct {//定义线性表的元素数据，虽然是指针，实际上物理内存也是连续出存储的ElemType *data;//MaxSize是当前线性表的最大长度，这个数值也有可能改变，因为后续操作中线性表有可能扩容，因为是动态分配。//length是线性表的当前长度，也就是实际上里面有多少个数据int MaxSize, length;
} SeqList;//函数声明
bool Empty(SeqList list);//初始化线性表，也就是创建一个新的线性表。
void InitList(SeqList *list) {list->data = (ElemType *) malloc(InitSize * sizeof(ElemType));list->MaxSize = InitSize;list->length = 0;
}//扩容线性表
bool MultipleList(SeqList *list) {//建立临时线性表，用于存储之前的数据元素
//    SeqList listNew;
//    InitList(&listNew);
//    for (int i = 0; i < list->length; i++) {
//        listNew.data[i] = list->data[i];
//    }
//    listNew.length = list->length;
//
//    list->data = (ElemType *) malloc(list->MaxSize * sizeof(ElemType) * 2);
//    for (int i = 0; i < listNew.length; i++) {
//        list->data[i] = listNew.data[i];
//    }
//    list->MaxSize = list->MaxSize * 2;//上面是我之前写的愚蠢的代码if(list->data != NULL){list->data = (ElemType *) realloc(list->data, list->MaxSize * sizeof(ElemType) * 2);//如果新内存分配成功，也就是list->data不为空，就把MaxSize设置为原来的两倍list->MaxSize = list->MaxSize * 2;return true;}printf("扩容失败！\n");return false;
}//返回线性表表长
int Length(SeqList list) {return list.length;
}//添加数据元素
void AddElem(SeqList *list, ElemType Elem) {//如果当前线性表已满，就进行内存重新分配if (list->length == list->MaxSize) {if(!MultipleList(list)){printf("扩容失败，线性表已被销毁！\n");return;}}list->data[list->length] = Elem;list->length++;
}//按值查找操作
int LocateElem(SeqList list, ElemType Elem) {if (Empty(list)) {//线性表为空，则查找失败return -1;}for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {if (list.data[i] == Elem)return i;}return -1;
}//按位查找操作
bool GetElem(SeqList list, int index, ElemType *Elem) {if (index >= 0 && index < list.length) {*Elem = list.data[index];return true;}printf("获取失败！\n");return false;
}//插入操作
bool ListInsert(SeqList *list, int index, ElemType Elem) {//如果线性表已满，就先进行扩容if (list->length == list->MaxSize) {MultipleList(list);}//判断输入的数组下标是否在合法范围内if (index >= 0 && index < list->length) {for (int i = list->length - 2; i >= index; i--) {list->data[i + 1] = list->data[i];}list->data[index] = Elem;list->length++;return true;}return false;
}//删除元素
bool ListDelete(SeqList *list, int index) {if (index >= 0 && index < list->length) {for (int i = index; i < list->length - 1; i++) {list->data[i] = list->data[i+1];}list->length--;return true;}return false;
}//销毁线性表
void DestroyList(SeqList *list){//如果list->data依然被分配内存，那么进行释放if(list->data != NULL) {//释放之前分配的内存free(list->data);//避免悬空指针问题，直接把list->data指针设置为空list->data = NULL;}list->length = 0;list->MaxSize = 0;
}//打印整个线性表
void PrintList(SeqList list) {if (Empty(list)) {printf("线性表为空！\n");return;}for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {printf("%d -> %d\n", i, list.data[i]);}
}//线性表判空，如果线性表为空，返回true。不为空返回false
bool Empty(SeqList list) {if (list.length == 0)return true;return false;
}int main() {//定义线性表aSeqList a;//定义数据元素ElemType Elem;//定义数组下标和菜单选择int index, choice;//初始化线性表aInitList(&a);while (1) {printf("\n菜单\n""1.查看线性表\n""2.获取线性表长度\n""3.添加线性表元素\n""4.按值查找操作\n""5.按位查找操作\n""6.插入操作\n""7.删除操作\n""8.销毁线性表\n""9.退出程序\n""10.获取线性表最大长度(测试)\n""请输入你要进行的操作:");scanf("%d", &choice);switch (choice) {case 1:PrintList(a);break;case 2:printf("当前线性表长度为%d\n", Length(a));break;case 3:printf("请输入要添加的数据数值:");scanf("%d", &Elem);AddElem(&a, Elem);break;case 4:printf("请输入要查找的数据元素值：");scanf("%d", &Elem);index = LocateElem(a, Elem);if (index == -1) {printf("元素查找失败！\n");break;} else {printf("元素%d对应的数组下标为%d\n", Elem, index);break;}case 5:printf("请输入要查找的数据元素的数组下标：");scanf("%d", &index);if (GetElem(a, index, &Elem)) {printf("数组下标为%d的元素为%d\n", index, Elem);break;} else {printf("查找失败！\n");break;}case 6:printf("请输入要插入的元素的位置(数组下标):");scanf("%d", &index);printf("请输入要插入的元素的数据值:");scanf("%d", &Elem);if (ListInsert(&a, index, Elem)) {printf("插入成功！\n");break;} else {printf("插入失败！输入的数组下标不合法\n");break;}case 7:printf("请输入要删除的元素的数组下标：");scanf("%d",&index);if(ListDelete(&a,index)){printf("元素删除成功！\n");break;}else{printf("元素删除失败！输入的下标不合法\n");break;}case 8:DestroyList(&a);break;case 9:exit(0);case 10:printf("当前线性表最大长度为%d\n",a.MaxSize);break;default:printf("输入的操作有误，请重新输入！\n");break;}}
}